Examination timetabling automation using hybrid meta-heuristics

Trabalho de projeto realizado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Informática e de Computadores

A novel hybrid swarm based approach for curriculum based course timetabling problem

This work applies a hybrid approach in solving the university curriculum-based course timetabling problem as presented as part of the 2nd International Timetabling Competition 2007 (ITC2007). The core of the hybrid approach is based on an artificial bee colony algorithm. Past methods have applied artificial bee colony algorithms to university timetabling problems with high degrees of success. Nevertheless, there exist inefficiencies in the associated search abilities in term of exploration and exploitation. To improve the search abilities, this work introduces a hybrid approach entitled nelder-mead great deluge artificial bee colony algorithm (NMGD-ABC) where it combined additional positive elements of particle swarm optimization and great deluge algorithm. In addition, nelder-mead local search is incorporated into the great deluge algorithm to further enhance the performance of the resulting method. The proposed method is tested on curriculum-based course timetabling as presented in the ITC2007. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method is capable of producing competitive results as compared with the other approaches described in literature

Directed Selection using Reinforcement Learning for the Examination Timetabling Problem

Traditional heuristic approaches to the Examination Timetabling Problem normally utilize a stochastic method during Optimization for the selection of the next examination to be considered for timetabling within the neighbourhood search process. This paper presents a technique whereby the stochastic method has been augmented with information from a weighted list gathered during the initial adaptive construction phase, with the purpose of intelligently directing examination selection. In addition, a Reinforcement Learning technique has been adapted to identify the most effective portions of the weighted list in terms of facilitating the greatest potential for overall solution improvement. The technique is tested against the 2007 International Timetabling Competition datasets with solutions generated within a time frame specified by the competition organizers. The results generated are better than those of the competition winner in seven of the twelve examinations, while being competitive for the remaining five examinations. This paper also shows experimentally how using reinforcement learning has improved upon our previous technique.

A New Model for Automated Examination Timetabling

Automated examination timetabling has been addressed by a wide variety of methodologies and techniques over the last ten years or so. Many of the methods in this broad range of approaches have been evaluated on a collection of benchmark instances provided at the University of Toronto in 1996. Whilst the existence of these datasets has provided an invaluable resource for research into examination timetabling, the instances have significant limitations in terms of their relevance to real-world examination timetabling in modern universities. This paper presents a detailed model which draws upon experiences of implementing examination timetabling systems in universities in Europe, Australasia and America. This model represents the problem that was presented in the 2nd International Timetabling Competition (ITC2007). In presenting this detailed new model, this paper describes the examination timetabling track introduced as part of the competition. In addition to the model, the datasets used in the competition are also based on current real-world instances introduced by EventMAP Limited. It is hoped that the interest generated as part of the competition will lead to the development, investigation and application of a host of novel and exciting techniques to address this important real-world search domain. Moreover, the motivating goal of this paper is to close the currently existing gap between theory and practice in examination timetabling by presenting the research community with a rigorous model which represents the complexity of the real-world situation. In this paper we describe the model and its motivations, followed by a full formal definition.

Problématique du xiie atelier international, lisbonne - setubal 2007

Le thème proposé “ Musées et Société “ n’est pas nouveau. Il a déjà été traité ad noseam en d’innombrables circonstances, sauf, peut-être, sous l’angle explicite de l’engagement :Quelles actions ? L’ambition de “ saisir la mudance “ répond à une nécessité de tous les moments dans un monde où tout et rien évoluent à un rythme diabolique. Comment donc, dans ces circonstances, ajuster l’action du musée, une institution culturelle relativement lourde, si on la compare aux autres medias de communication, très attachée encore à ses traditions séculaires dont elle s’enorgueillit, soumise, par ailleurs aux changements qui bouleversent tous les aspects de son fonctionnement , voire de sa mission, fortement attirée qu’elle est par la société du spectacle, tentée, par ailleurs, d’y réagir en se rapprochant de la vie quotidienne des populations par l’action communautaire fondue dans le travail muséologique ? Le MINOM, dont la vocation est de questionner tout en agissant, est à la recherché du point de vue à partir duquel il peut interroger et agir. Quel est exactement son champ d’action, le dénominateur commun qui rassemble, mobilise, attire ses adhérents, issus de cultures, d’origines et d’idéologies diverses ? On a souvent campé l’organisation dans les alternatives, soit dans des positions qui puissant faire contrepoids aux systèmes dominants, étouffant la créativité, la maîtrise d’oeuvre individuelle: La liberté d’être et d’exprimer par soi-même. Serait-ce donc que, globalement, le MINOM aurait rejoint, sans tout à fait s’en rendre compte, la plateforme altermondiste, dans tout ce qu’elle représente d’expérimentations sociaux et d’utopies, d’ un nouvel humanisme fondé sur le partage, le dialogue ? Le XIIe Atelier devrait nous amener à préciser, par l´échange et la prospectrice (ambition partagée par le dernier Atelier ) , là où nous nous situons, comme groupe ( noyau central et périphérique ) à l’intérieur de la mouvance, à l’échelle locale et mondiale. Les actions les plus appropriées pour traduire, dans le cadre de l’action muséologique nos représentations de l’être humain se débattant à ‘intérieur de la biosphère, seront nécessairement, il faut l’espérer, à l’ordre du jour de nos résolutions. Le MUSÉE – FORUM –SOCIAL ns serait-il pas, en fin de compte, le modèle à partager, dans les prochaines années, par l’ensemble de la communauté Minomienne? Lieu d’appropriation continue de la mouvance, il est, croyons-nous, le laboratoire de l’expérimentation citoyenne, un lieu de représentations interdisciplinaires résultant de la convivialité et des interactions globales des inter-changes sociétaires.

Descriptive analysis of landings during international netball competition: enhancing ecological validity of laboratory testing environments

Non-contact landings have been identified as a common activity associated with injury in netball. Investigating injury risk factors during landing via laboratory-based analysis warrants the performance of sportspecific landing tasks with the inclusion of “game- like” factors to enhance ecological validity of testing protocols. Understanding how players perform landing tasks in a competitive environment is, therefore, essential.

The purpose of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis of in-game landings performed by netball players, with regard to the landing techniques used and game events surrounding these landings; with the intent of providing information to enhance the ecological validity of laboratory-based testing environments. Landings were categorised according to landing technique and game events surrounding the landing.

Offensive agility techniques performed during international netball competition

Netball is a sport characterised by sharp changes-of-direction to break free from opponents. The ability of players to use changes-of-direction to evade opponents is, therefore, an important aspect of attacking play. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance and outcomes of offensive agility techniques utilised by netball players. Offensive agility techniques were assessed for the type of manoeuvre performed and performance outcome using video footage of three international matches. Mid and attacking playing positions performed a greater frequency of manoeuvres than defensive playing positions. The type of manoeuvre was found to have no influence on the performance outcome. The performance outcome is likely influenced by additional factors, such as location on the court, time constraints, or features of defensive opponents. Overall, the use of offensive agility manoeuvres was identified as an important aspect of attacking play in netball, particularly for the mid and attacking playing positions.

Proposed guidelines for the biennial programme of regional and international cooperation activities, 2007-2009

Includes bibliography

Baseline surface radiation during the International Polar Year 2007-2009

Downwelling and upwelling shortwave and longwave radiation components from six active polar sites, taking part of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN), were selected for the period of the last International Polar Year (March 2007 to March 2009), and included in the BSRN-IPY dataset, along with metadata and supplementary data for some of the stations. Two sites, located at Svalbard archipelago (Ny Ålesund) and Alaska (Barrow), represent Arctic sea-level conditions. Four Antarctic stations represent both sea-level (Dronning Maud Land and Cosmonaut Sea) and high-elevation conditions (South Pole and East Antarctic Plateau). The BSRN-IPY dataset content and quality are discussed.